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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Impact Factor : 8.14
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| Paper Title: | Development of Cost Effective Method for the Removal of Fluoride in Drinking Water Samples |
| Authors Name: | Aditya Lakhera , Dr. Indrajit N. Yadav |
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| Author Reg. ID: |
IJRTI_181688
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| Published Paper Id: | IJRTI2201011 |
| Published In: | Volume 7 Issue 1, January-2022 |
| DOI: | |
| Abstract: | Exceeding the level of fluoride (F-) in drinking water is responsible for skeletal fluorosis in human beings. Several methods were already been established, and in this works the authors moto is to find out the cost effective method for the fluoride removal in water. To evaluate this various concentrations of fluoride solutions were prepared and were subjected to various methods for the best removal. In process of that the authors selected some cost effective methods and their reliability to the cost was compared. The present study was carried out to assess the ability of electrocoagulation process with iron and aluminum electrodes in order to removal of fluoride from aqueous solutions. Several working parameters, such as concentration of fluoride, pH, applied voltage and reaction time, distance between electrodes, electrode reactive area and effect of Co- existing ions were studied to achieve a higher removal capacity. Variable concentrations (1, 5 and 10 mg/l) of fluoride solutions were prepared by mixing proper amount of sodium fluoride with tap water. The varying pH of the initial solution (5, 7 and 9) was also studied to measure their effects on the fluoride removal efficiency. Results obtained with synthetic solution revealed that the most effective removal capacities of fluoride could be achieved at 40V electrical potential. In addition, the increase of electrical potential, in the range of 10-40 V, enhanced the treatment rate. The effective reactive surface area found to be 40cm2 whereas inter electrode distance was 1cm. Aluminum electrode could works effectively during defluoridation over iron electrode. This method could be effective up to a fluoride concentration level of 8ppm.Optimal results could be obtained at pH: 7.With an increase in electrode surface area the extent of defluoridation would be higher. The ability of Industrial grade alum to remove Fluoride from aqueous solution has also been investigated. The studies were carried out as functions of contact time, concentration and pH. The data indicate that Industrial grade alum surface sites are heterogeneous in nature and that fits into a heterogeneous site binding model. The optimum pH for complete removal of Fluoride from aqueous solution was found to be 6. The rate of fluoride removal was rapid during the initial 20 minutes, and equilibrium was attained within 50 minutes. The defluoridation process using alum could be optimal at a fluoride concentration of 2.5 ppm. Along with that the ability of Industrial grade aluminum oxide (Alumina) to remove Fluoride from aqueous solution has also been investigated. The studies were carried out as functions of contact time, concentration and pH. The data indicate that alumina surface sites are heterogeneous in nature and that fits into a heterogeneous site binding model. The optimum pH for complete removal of Fluoride from aqueous solution was found to be 8. The rate of fluoride removal was rapid during the initial 20 minutes. The defluoridation process using alumina could be optimal at a fluoride concentration of 8.0 ppm. With an increase in alumina dosage the extent of defluoridation could be optimal up to 8 gm. In addition to that the ability of activated carbon to remove Fluoride from aqueous solution has also been investigated at various concentrations and with different periods of time. The optimum pH for complete removal of Fluoride from aqueous solution was found to be 7. The rate of fluoride removal was rapid during the initial 40 minutes. The defluoridation process using alumina could be optimal at a fluoride concentration of 2.0 ppm. With an increase in activated carbon dosage the extent of defluoridation could be optimal up to 4 gm. |
| Keywords: | Defluoridation, electro coagulation, alumina, industrial grade alum, activated carbon, cost comparison |
| Cite Article: | "Development of Cost Effective Method for the Removal of Fluoride in Drinking Water Samples", International Journal of Science & Engineering Development Research (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.7, Issue 1, page no.80 - 84, January-2022, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2201011.pdf |
| Downloads: | 000204824 |
| ISSN: |
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
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Published Paper ID: IJRTI2201011
Registration ID:181688
Published In: Volume 7 Issue 1, January-2022
DOI (Digital Object Identifier):
Page No: 80 - 84 Country: Chhatarpur, Madhya Pradesh, India Research Area: Engineering Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2201011 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2201011 |
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED,
Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016
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