ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ALLERGIC RHINITIS AND BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN ADULTS - CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Mare kusuma , P Maneesha , Mohammad shibly ashhar

ALLERGIC RHINITIS, IG E IMMUNOGLOBULIN, RESPIRATORY ALLERGY PREDICTION TEST, FORCED VITAL CAPACITY

Abstract: Introduction: The relationship between bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis has been recognized clinically. The main pathophysiological role is leukotriene inflammation in both upper and lower airways. Patients with persistent and severe rhinitis have the highest risk for asthma and it is independent risk factor for asthma onset. Prevalence of bronchial asthma in allergic rhinitis is around 40 % in south India. Allergic asthma is most easily recognizable asthma phenotype often commences in childhood and often associated with past and/or family history of allergic diseases like eczema, allergic rhinitis, food/drug allergy. Aim: The main aim of the study was to study the prevalence of the co-existence of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in adult population Using respiratory allergy prediction tool. Materials and Method: Analytical cross-sectional study done on 280 subjects during the period of June 2021 to June 2023. Inclusion criteria: 1) patients >18 years of age of both the genders. 2) patients with chronic rhinitis and any symptoms of asthma (dyspnoea, cough, wheeze, chest tightness) Exclusion criteria: 1) severely ill patients who cannot perform Spirometry. 2) to exclude the patients with other causes of dyspnoea Methodology: Study was conducted in the outpatient department of Pulmonary Medicine department, where all the patients with chronic rhinitis and any symptoms of asthma were recruited and subjected to detailed history and Spirometry test to confirm the diagnosis of bronchial asthma. Results: Data was obtained from 280 allergic rhinitis patients with mean age of 27.78 ± 6.01 years. Prevalence of coexisting bronchial asthma was found to be 78% with highest in the age group of 26 to 35 years. For qualitative variables, Chi -square test is applied and Reprogram 4.3.1 for statistical references. Conclusion: The relationship between AR and asthma is strongly supported by genetic, epidemiologic, pathophysiologic and clinical evidence. The majority of asthmatic Patients have AR. Both diseases are Ige mediated leads to release of inflammatory mediators into nasal and bronchial systems. A positive link was found between allergic rhinitis and asthma, suggesting that allergic rhinitis is an important risk factor to develop asthma and it is also an important cause of suboptimal control of asthma. Our study revealed that 78% of patients with allergic rhinitis were found to have asthma as underlying disease.Lung function test abnormalities are detected even in patients who do not have chest symptoms. In accordance all allergic rhinitis patients should be screened with spirometry as a baseline investigation to detect hidden asthma.

Volume 9 Issue 2, February-2024

Pages : 253 - 256