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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Issue: March 2026
Volume 11 | Issue 3
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Impact Factor : 8.14
Issue per Year : 12
Volume Published : 11
Issue Published : 118
Article Submitted : 21574
Article Published : 8528
Total Authors : 22430
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| Paper Title: | Digital Linguistic Markers for Age and Gender Prediction from Chat Data - A Literature Review |
| Authors Name: | Rashmi S C |
| Download E-Certificate: | Download |
| Author Reg. ID: |
IJRTI_207358
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| Published Paper Id: | IJRTI2511066 |
| Published In: | Volume 10 Issue 11, November-2025 |
| DOI: | |
| Abstract: | Abstract—This systematic literature review examines age and gender detection from instant messaging (IM) data, with particular emphasis on cross-lingual and code-switched contexts. Drawing on 49 peer-reviewed studies (2000–2024) from six major databases, it identifies linguistic, behavioral, and paralinguistic features (e.g., syntax, emoji use, word choice, and message patterns) as key demographic markers. The field has shifted from traditional machine learning (SVMs, Naïve Bayes) to deep learning and transformer-based models (e.g., BERT, Text2Gender), which perform better with informal and multilingual data. Major challenges include scarcity of annotated IM datasets, lack of support for low-resource/code-switched languages, and ethical concerns around privacy, consent, and gender inclusivity. Current approaches often assume binary gender categories, limiting fairness. The review calls for inclusive, privacy-preserving, and culturally adaptable NLP frameworks, emphasizing future research on scalable multilingual solutions, diverse gender/linguistic representation, and ethically responsible design. |
| Keywords: | Instant Messaging, Age and Gender Detection, Cross-Lingual Language, Emoji Usage, Code-Switching, Machine Learning, Author Profiling. |
| Cite Article: | "Digital Linguistic Markers for Age and Gender Prediction from Chat Data - A Literature Review", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 11, page no.a558-a561, November-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2511066.pdf |
| Downloads: | 000225 |
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
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Published Paper ID: IJRTI2511066
Registration ID:207358
Published In: Volume 10 Issue 11, November-2025
DOI (Digital Object Identifier):
Page No: a558-a561 Country: Davanagere, Karnataka, India Research Area: Computer Science & Technology Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2511066 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2511066 |
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED,
Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016
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