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Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) can generate fluent causal statements, but their outputs often lack domain fidelity, leading to hallucinated, inconsistent, or scientifically invalid relations. This work presents an ontology-guided semantic validation framework that evaluates whether LLM-generated cause–effect statements conform to domain-approved causal rules. The framework integrates an ontology-based similarity validator, a hybrid retrieval mechanism for selecting the most relevant domain rule, and a lightweight domain-projection component (T_domain) that enhances semantic grounding during validation. A controlled dataset of one hundred causal statements was constructed across three operational domains—energy, water, and agriculture—to evaluate the system under three configurations: (1) No Ontology, (2) Ontology Only, and (3) Ontology + T_domain. Results using Sentence-T5-large embeddings show that ontology grounding substantially improves separation between valid and invalid causal relations, while domain projection further reduces borderline classification errors and stabilizes similarity scores across diverse linguistic patterns. Visual analyses, including distribution plots and sample-level comparisons, confirm that the proposed approach yields more reliable and domain-consistent causal validations than unconstrained LLM reasoning. The findings highlight the effectiveness of combining symbolic domain knowledge with embedding-based semantic validation and demonstrate the potential of the framework as a lightweight verification layer for safety-critical or knowledge-regulated applications.
"Ontology-Guided Closed-Loop Reasoning Framework for Domain-Consistent Logic Validation in Large Language Models", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 11, page no.b30-b37, November-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2511105.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator