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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
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ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Impact Factor : 8.14
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| Paper Title: | Lactose Intolerance: A Comprehensive Review Of Its Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, And Management |
| Authors Name: | Rutuja Anil Sonawane , Omkar Kiran Gulve , Priya Appasaheb Kale , Dr. Vitthal Bacchewar |
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IJRTI_207549
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| Published Paper Id: | IJRTI2511128 |
| Published In: | Volume 10 Issue 11, November-2025 |
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| Abstract: | Lactose intolerance, a widespread clinical syndrome of gastrointestinal symptoms after lactose food intake, occurs in a large percentage of the world's population. Prevalence is extremely variable among ethnic groups and depends on an interesting interaction of genetics, evolution, and diet. The cause is deficiency of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH), or lactase, in the small intestine's brush border. This enzyme is critical to the hydrolysis of lactose, the major carbohydrate in milk, into its absorbed monosaccharide units, glucose and galactose. Without adequate lactase activity, unabsorbed lactose migrates to the large intestine, where it is fermented by colonic bacteria, resulting in the formation of short-chain fatty acids, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane gas. This is followed by the typical symptoms of lactose intolerance such as abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and diarrhea. The most prevalent type is primary lactase non-persistence, a genetically determined condition that leads to a diminution in lactase production after infancy. The others are secondary lactase deficiency, which is acquired as a result of intestinal mucosal damage; congenital lactase deficiency, a rare autosomal recessive condition; and developmental lactase deficiency, seen in premature infants. A combination of clinical assessment and objective investigations is used for diagnosis, of which the hydrogen breath test is the most commonly practiced and sensitive test. Management approaches are dominated by dietary modification such as the elimination or reduction of lactose-containing foods, the substitution of lactose-free products, and the ingestion of fermented milk. Exogenous lactase enzyme preparations are also used and may benefit most patients. Finally, initial studies on the role of the probiotics and prebiotics in regulating the gut microbiota hold promise for new therapeutic modalities. Lactose intolerance, albeit highly prevalent, is frequently misdiagnosed or mistaken as other gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome or milk allergy. Hence, a proper knowledge of its pathophysiology, precise diagnosis, and optimal management is important for clinicians to enhance patient outcomes as well as improve the quality of life. This overview seeks to summarize the existing information on lactose intolerance, including its biochemical and genetic etiology, worldwide epidemiology, diagnostic tools, and management, with areas of future research. |
| Keywords: | Lactose Intolerance, Lactase Deficiency ,Hydrogen Breath Test, Dietary Management |
| Cite Article: | "Lactose Intolerance: A Comprehensive Review Of Its Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, And Management", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 11, page no.b208-b218, November-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2511128.pdf |
| Downloads: | 000279 |
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
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Published Paper ID: IJRTI2511128
Registration ID:207549
Published In: Volume 10 Issue 11, November-2025
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Page No: b208-b218 Country: NASHIK, Maharashtra, India Research Area: Medical Science Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2511128 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2511128 |
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ISSN: 2456-3315
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