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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Impact Factor : 8.14
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| Paper Title: | Formation and Mitigation of 3-MCPD and Glycidyl Esters during Edible Oil Refining |
| Authors Name: | Vishal D. Deshmukh , Dr. V.Y. Karadbhajne |
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| Author Reg. ID: |
IJRTI_209743
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| Published Paper Id: | IJRTI2603076 |
| Published In: | Volume 11 Issue 3, March-2026 |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.56975/ijrti.v11i3.209743 |
| Abstract: | 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters and glycidyl esters (GE) are process-induced contaminants formed primarily during the high-temperature refining of edible vegetable oils. Increasing regulatory scrutiny and toxicological concerns have made their control a critical challenge for the edible oil industry. This study examines the chemical pathways responsible for the formation of 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters during key refining stages, including degumming, bleaching, and deodorization. The influence of process variables such as temperature, residence time, chloride sources, diacylglycerol content, and the nature of bleaching earth is discussed. Analytical approaches used for the detection and quantification of these contaminants, including gas chromatography and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry techniques, are briefly reviewed. Furthermore, practical mitigation strategies such as optimization of deodorization conditions, selection of low-chloride raw materials, modification of bleaching practices, and pre-treatment techniques for reducing precursor compounds are evaluated. The findings highlight that preventive process control is more effective than post-refining removal strategies. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of formation mechanisms and industrially feasible mitigation approaches, contributing to improved refining practices and enhanced food safety compliance. |
| Keywords: | 3-MCPD esters; Glycidyl esters; Edible oil refining; Deodorization; Process-induced contaminants; Mitigation strategies |
| Cite Article: | "Formation and Mitigation of 3-MCPD and Glycidyl Esters during Edible Oil Refining", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 3, page no.a609-a615, March-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2603076.pdf |
| Downloads: | 000151 |
| ISSN: |
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
| Publication Details: |
Published Paper ID: IJRTI2603076
Registration ID:209743
Published In: Volume 11 Issue 3, March-2026
DOI (Digital Object Identifier): https://doi.org/10.56975/ijrti.v11i3.209743
Page No: a609-a615 Country: -, -, India Research Area: Engineering Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2603076 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2603076 |
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED,
Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016
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