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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
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ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Issue: April 2025
Volume 10 | Issue 4
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Impact Factor : 8.14
Issue per Year : 12
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Issue Published : 107
Article Submitted : 14255
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| Paper Title: | The role of vaccine in controlling smallpox |
| Authors Name: | Ms. Shruti Satish Garad , Dr. Balkrishna Tiwari , Ms. Sanjana Amarnath Kasturi , Ms. Shreya Shriniwas Kamuni |
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IJRTI_200699
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| Published Paper Id: | IJRTI2502069 |
| Published In: | Volume 10 Issue 2, February-2025 |
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| Abstract: | Since smallpox killed millions of people in both the Old and New Worlds, it undoubtedly influenced the path of human history. Two of the greatest accomplishments in human history are the discovery of vaccination by Dr. Edward Jenner in the late 18th century and the worldwide eradication of smallpox in the 1970s. Smallpox, caused by the variola virus, was one of the most devastating infectious diseases in human history before its eradication in 1980 through a global vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization. This review explores the clinical presentation, diagnostic advancements, vaccination strategies, and public health initiatives associated with smallpox. Clinical evaluation relied heavily on identifying characteristic symptoms such as a centrifugal rash and febrile prodrome, with modern diagnostic methods, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), offering rapid and accurate confirmation. Vaccination played a pivotal role, with live replicating vaccines like ACAM2000 providing robust immunity but presenting safety concerns, especially in vulnerable populations. Safer alternatives, such as the non-replicating JYNNEOS vaccine, have been developed to address these issues. The eradication effort, marked by innovative strategies like mass and ring vaccination, remains a blueprint for combating infectious diseases. Despite its eradication, smallpox research remains relevant due to concerns about bioterrorism and the re-emergence of related orthopoxviruses like monkeypox. Future efforts should focus on advancing vaccine safety, improving diagnostic infrastructure, and developing antiviral therapies to ensure preparedness for emerging threats. This legacy underscores the enduring importance of scientific innovation and global collaboration in achieving and maintaining public health milestones. |
| Keywords: | Poxvirus, vaccination, immunization, variola, smallpox. |
| Cite Article: | "The role of vaccine in controlling smallpox ", International Journal of Science & Engineering Development Research (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 2, page no.a659-a672, February-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2502069.pdf |
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| ISSN: |
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
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Published Paper ID: IJRTI2502069
Registration ID:200699
Published In: Volume 10 Issue 2, February-2025
DOI (Digital Object Identifier):
Page No: a659-a672 Country: Solapur , Maharashtra, India Research Area: Pharmacy Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2502069 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2502069 |
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED,
Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016
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