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Vaginal suppositories represent an evolving and versatile drug delivery system with applications in both local and systemic therapy. The vaginal route offers unique advantages, including a large absorptive surface area, rich vascularisation, and the ability to bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism, making it highly suitable for drugs with poor oral bioavailability or requiring site-specific delivery(1),(2). Traditional suppositories were primarily used for the treatment of vaginal infections, contraception, and hormone replacement therapy (3),(4); however, recent advances in formulation science and material technology have significantly broadened their potential(5),(6). The incorporation of mucoadhesive polymers, permeation enhancers, thermos-responsive bases, and nanocarrier systems(5),(7) has improved drug solubility, residence time, and controlled release profiles, addressing challenges such as leakage, variability in vaginal physiology, and patient compliance(8). Emerging innovations, including nanoparticle-loaded suppositories(5), bio-responsive systems(15), and 3D-printed personalised inserts(11),(12), further highlight the potential of this delivery approach. In addition, research into vaginal microbiome interactions and probiotic-loaded suppositories(19) opens new opportunities for disease prevention and women’s health management. This review consolidates current knowledge on vaginal suppositories as a novel drug delivery platform, emphasising formulation strategies, therapeutic applications, limitations, regulatory considerations, evaluation, and future perspectives for clinical translation.
Keywords:
Vaginal suppositories, Novel drug delivery system, Mucoadhesive polymers, Nano-particle loaded formulations, Women’s health therapeutics.
Cite Article:
"Vaginal Suppositories as a Novel Drug Delivery Approach", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.10, Issue 10, page no.a38-a48, October-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2510005.pdf
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ISSN:
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator