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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Impact Factor : 8.14
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| Paper Title: | HPV-Vaccine Against Cervical Cancer: An Overview |
| Authors Name: | Dr.D.NAGAVALLI , P.NANTHAGOPAL |
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IJRTI_186532
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| Published Paper Id: | IJRTI2305052 |
| Published In: | Volume 8 Issue 5, May-2023 |
| DOI: | |
| Abstract: | Abstract: The main risk factor for invasive cervical carcinoma is persistent infection by the high-risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). HPV is the most prevalent sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) and has been linked to 15 different cancers. Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent cancers among women, particularly in resource-limited countries. Cervical cancer is an HPV- disease with the highest worldwide burden in resource-limited nations. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, which were introduced in many countries in the past decade, have shown promising results in decreasing HPV infection and related diseases, such as warts and precancerous lesions. In this review, we present the updated information about current HPV vaccines, focusing on vaccine coverage and efficacy. In addition, pan-gender vaccination and current clinical trials are also discussed. Currently, more efforts should be put into increasing the vaccine’s coverages. Vaccinations against all HPV subtypes, namely, bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent, are available. Approximately 20% of all cancers are associated with infectious agents such among them, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are very common and are now recognized as the etiological agent of cervical cancer, the second most common cancer in women worldwide, and they are increasingly linked with other forms of dysplasia. Carcinogenesis is a complex and multistep process requiring the acquisition of several genetic and/or epigenetic alterations. HPV-induced neoplasia, however, is in part mediated by the intrinsic functions of the viral proteins. In order to replicate its genome, HPV modulates the cell cycle, while deploying mechanisms to escape the host immune response, cellular senescence and apoptosis. As such, HPV infection leads directly and indirectly to genomic instability, further favouring transforming genetic events and progression to malignancy. The molecular mechanisms exploited by HPV to induce neoplasia, with an emphasis on the role of the 2 viral oncoproteins E6 and E7. Greater understanding of the role of HPV proteins in these processes will ultimately aid in the development of antiviral therapies, as well as unravel general mechanisms of oncogenesis. One of the key events of HPV-induced carcinogenesis is the integration of the HPV genome into a host chromosome. HPV genome integration often occurs near common fragile sites of the human genome , but there are no apparent hot spots for integration and no evidence for insertional mutagenesis, Integration follows a more specific pattern with respect to the HPV genom. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are among the most effective vaccines available, the first to prevent infection by a mucosatropic sexually transmitted infectious agent and to do so without specific induction of mucosal immunity. |
| Keywords: | Human Papilloma virus), HPV- Vaccine, Cervical cancer , Immunoprevention. |
| Cite Article: | "HPV-Vaccine Against Cervical Cancer: An Overview", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.8, Issue 5, page no.342 - 351, May-2023, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2305052.pdf |
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| ISSN: |
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
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Published Paper ID: IJRTI2305052
Registration ID:186532
Published In: Volume 8 Issue 5, May-2023
DOI (Digital Object Identifier):
Page No: 342 - 351 Country: Melmaruvathur., TAMIL NADU, India Research Area: Health Science Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2305052 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2305052 |
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED,
Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016
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