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ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Impact Factor : 8.14

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Paper Title: Comparative Evaluation of Three Methods for the Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Salmonella Typhi Isolates against Commonly Used Antibiotics
Authors Name: Jean-de-Dieu Tamokou , Tito Aloys Ndima Etouke , Jean Paul Dzoyem
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IJRTI_187396
Published Paper Id: IJRTI2306147
Published In: Volume 8 Issue 6, June-2023
DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.34969
Abstract: Background: Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infection is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Isolation of S. Typhi from blood, stool and urine is the most reliable confirmatory test for this infection. However, the technique requires adequate laboratory equipment and well trained personnel beyond the capability of most primary health care facilities in developing countries. In addition, the practise of self-medication and abuse utilisation of antibiotics in the community often hampers the isolation of this bacteria in the perspective of treatment with appropriate agents. This study evaluated the performance of three methods of diagnosing typhoid fever, and the resistance pattern of S. Typhi isolates against commonly used antibiotics. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to January 2021 on volunteer who came for routine consultation at the Dschang District Hospital. Blood and stool samples were collected from those who gave their consent. Demographic features and symptoms of enteric fevers were recorded using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of infection was carried out using stool culture, slide agglutination Widal and Felix test, and Typhidot test. The resistance profile of S. Typhi against commonly used antibiotics was determined by disk diffusion method. Results: A total of 100 individuals participated in this study. The prevalences of S. Typhi infection in the study population were 54%, 47% and 39% as revealed by the Widal test, Typhidot test and stool culture, respectively. Fever, headache, abdominal pain and constipation were the main observed signs and symptoms of this infection. The Widal and Typhidot tests displayed sensitivities of 71.79% and 94.87%; specificities of 57.37% and 83.60%; positive predictive values of 51.85% and 78.72%; negative predictive values of 76.08% and 96.22%, respectively when compared to stool culture. Ceftriaxone (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), ofloxacin (100%) and cefotaxim (100%) were active against all Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi isolates from study participants. However, these isolates were resistant to gentamicin (100%), and they displayed limited susceptibility to amoxicillin (10.25%), ampicillin (20.5%), chloramphenicol (50.3%), co-trimoxazole (89.74%) and pefloxacin (89.74%). Finally, the presence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella Typhi was observed in the study population. Conclusion: The present study showed high sensitivity and specificity of Typhidot rapid diagnostic test for the diagnosis of typhoid fever compared to the Widal test, using stool culture as gold standard. These observations, added to limited susceptibility of isolates to commonly used antibiotics supported the need of performing antibiogram before any antibiotic treatment.
Keywords: Typhoid fever, prevalence, serodiagnosis, coproculture, sensitivity, specificity, resistance profile, MDR Salmonella Typhi.
Cite Article: "Comparative Evaluation of Three Methods for the Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Salmonella Typhi Isolates against Commonly Used Antibiotics ", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.8, Issue 6, page no.978 - 986, June-2023, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2306147.pdf
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ISSN: 2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publication Details: Published Paper ID: IJRTI2306147
Registration ID:187396
Published In: Volume 8 Issue 6, June-2023
DOI (Digital Object Identifier): http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.34969
Page No: 978 - 986
Country: Dschang, West Region, Cameroon
Research Area: Medical Science
Publisher : IJ Publication
Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2306147
Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2306147
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED, Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016

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