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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Issue: March 2026
Volume 11 | Issue 3
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Impact Factor : 8.14
Issue per Year : 12
Volume Published : 11
Issue Published : 118
Article Submitted : 22135
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Total Authors : 22851
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| Paper Title: | BCG: Limitations and Quest for Future Vaccines |
| Authors Name: | Rushika Budhathoki , Manvi Sharma , Radhika Gupta |
| Download E-Certificate: | Download |
| Author Reg. ID: |
IJRTI_189236
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| Published Paper Id: | IJRTI2403018 |
| Published In: | Volume 9 Issue 3, March-2024 |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11352101 |
| Abstract: | The BCG vaccine, developed between 1906 and 1921, is the sole licensed vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). While effective in preventing disseminated tuberculosis in children, its efficacy against pulmonary TB in adults varies. BCG's limitations, including the lack of lasting immunity, highlight the need for more effective vaccines amid the ongoing global tuberculosis (TB) health concern. This paper's main goals are to clarify the BCG vaccine's intrinsic drawbacks and restricted efficacy and investigate other possible vaccinations that are presently undergoing clinical trials. Despite BCG's widespread use, substantial TB burdens persist, urging the development of improved vaccines. BCG's limitations are associated with geographical variables, host genetics, and environmental mycobacteria. A few potential strategies to increase the efficacy of BCG are different routes of administration, which have been investigated in non-human primates (NHP), murine models, and human trials. Strong, long-lasting protection appears to be induced by mucosal and intravenous BCG administration. Recombinant BCG seeks to improve immunological responses by expressing antigens unique to Mtb. Booster strategies, employing adjuvants or revaccination, address BCG's diminishing efficacy. Recent studies support BCG revaccination as a strategy to improve TB control. In discussing several vaccinations undergoing clinical trials, the report highlights the recombinant BCG variant VPM1002. VPM1002, which is intended to improve MHC-I-related immune responses, has demonstrated safety and efficacy in several animal models. Novel recombinant BCG variations seek to enhance safety and protective efficacy while supporting TB prevention initiatives. |
| Keywords: | - |
| Cite Article: | "BCG: Limitations and Quest for Future Vaccines", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.9, Issue 3, page no.119 - 138, March-2024, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2403018.pdf |
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| ISSN: |
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
| Publication Details: |
Published Paper ID: IJRTI2403018
Registration ID:189236
Published In: Volume 9 Issue 3, March-2024
DOI (Digital Object Identifier): https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11352101
Page No: 119 - 138 Country: -, -, India Research Area: Chemistry Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2403018 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2403018 |
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED,
Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016
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