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ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Impact Factor : 8.14

Issue per Year : 12

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Paper Title: Virtual Crime, Real Punishment: The Legal Vacuum in Metaverse Offences
Authors Name: Monnaf Ali Miah
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IJRTI_205142
Published Paper Id: IJRTI2507007
Published In: Volume 10 Issue 7, July-2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijrti.v10i7.205142
Abstract: The emergence of the metaverse—a digital ecosystem blending virtual and augmented realities—has introduced unprecedented opportunities for social interaction, commerce, and innovation. However, it has also given rise to novel forms of criminality, termed "metacrime," which challenge existing legal frameworks. Offences such as virtual sexual assault, identity theft, financial fraud, and harassment within the metaverse raise complex questions about jurisdiction, liability, and the applicability of traditional criminal law. This paper examines the legal vacuum surrounding metaverse offences, highlighting the inadequacies of current laws in addressing virtual harms that produce real-world psychological and economic impacts. Through a doctrinal and comparative analysis, it explores jurisdictional challenges, the absence of corporeal elements in virtual crimes, and the difficulties in attributing liability to avatars. The paper proposes a hybrid legal framework combining adapted national laws, international cooperation, and industry self-regulation to address metacrime effectively. It argues for the recognition of avatars as extensions of legal personality and the development of metaverse-specific regulations to ensure user safety and accountability.
Keywords: Metaverse, Metacrime, Virtual Crime, Cyberlaw, Jurisdiction, Avatar Liability, Sexual Violence, Legal Framework, Data Protection, International Law
Cite Article: "Virtual Crime, Real Punishment: The Legal Vacuum in Metaverse Offences", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 7, page no.a44-a50, July-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2507007.pdf
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ISSN: 2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publication Details: Published Paper ID: IJRTI2507007
Registration ID:205142
Published In: Volume 10 Issue 7, July-2025
DOI (Digital Object Identifier): https://doi.org/10.56975/ijrti.v10i7.205142
Page No: a44-a50
Country: Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
Research Area: Arts
Publisher : IJ Publication
Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2507007
Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2507007
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED, Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016

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