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Vitiligo is a chronic, non-congenital skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes, leading to white patches predominantly on sun-exposed areas such as the face, neck, and arms. Affecting approximately 0.5–1% of the population, it often presents symmetrically and tends to run in families, suggesting a polygenic inheritance pattern. The exact cause remains unclear, but several hypotheses have been proposed, including autoimmune destruction of melanocytes, oxidative stress, and genetic predisposition involving immune-related genes such as HLA and CTLA-4. Clinically, vitiligo manifests in segmental, non-segmental, and mixed forms, with non-segmental being the most prevalent. Immune-mediated mechanisms involving T cells, antigen-presenting cells, and inflammatory cytokines like IFN-γ and TNF-α play a central role in melanocyte damage.
Treatment aims to restore pigmentation and includes topical corticosteroids, phototherapy, laser therapy, and in some cases, melanocyte transplantation. However, therapeutic success is limited due to the complex etiology. Emerging technologies such as nanogels offer promising drug delivery platforms for targeted therapy. Nanogels are nanoscale, highly absorbent polymeric networks capable of encapsulating drugs through various interactions. Their stability, biocompatibility, and modifiable surfaces make them suitable for delivering bioactive molecules, particularly in protein and gene therapy. Various fabrication methods, including emulsion techniques and self-assembly, support their development for clinical use in treating vitiligo.
"Nanogel based drug delivery system for the treatment of vitiligo; systemic review", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 11, page no.a674-a692, November-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2511080.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator