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Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained importance in the field of nanotechnology due to their unique physicochemical properties coming from their nanoscale size, which is typically between 1 and 100 nm. These characteristics set them apart from bulk materials and allow for a variety of uses in biomedical engineering, materials science, and nanomedicine. Even though nanoparticles have been used since ancient times, contemporary nanotechnology developed as a result of Richard Feynman's theoretical contributions and later scientific discoveries. The definition, evolution, categorization, and main types of nanoparticles such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanoshells, and fullerenes are all covered in detail in this paper. The benefits and drawbacks of several nanoparticle production techniques, such as mechanical, chemical, physical, and biological procedures, are examined. In order to increase therapeutic efficacy and lower systemic toxicity, the importance of nanoparticles in drug delivery systems is emphasized, with particular attention paid to drug loading capacity, release mechanisms, and controlled and targeted distribution. Characterization methods for assessing the size, shape, surface characteristics, and optical behavior of nanoparticles are also described. Additionally investigated are the biological uses of nanoparticles in targeted cancer treatment, diagnostics, imaging, gene delivery, vaccine development, and biosensing. To guarantee safe handling and clinical translation, regulatory and safety factors are also taken into account, including risk assessment and management techniques. All things considered, nanoparticles provide a promising and adaptable platform for the advancement of contemporary medicine as long as their development is accompanied by strict safety assessment and regulatory supervision.
Keywords:
Nanotechnology, drug delivery systems, nanomedicine, synthesis techniques, characterization, biomedical applications, targeted drug delivery, safety, and regulation
Cite Article:
"NANOPARTICLES AS A NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM.", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.11, Issue 1, page no.a538-a547, January-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2601078.pdf
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ISSN:
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator