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The Ganges River, known as “Maa Ganga” and seen as vital to life in India, is suffering from severe pollution. This situation threatens the environment, public health, and cultural traditions. West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh are all traversed by the river, supporting millions of people and a variety of aquatic species. However, rapid urban growth, industrial development, population increases, and poor waste management have greatly reduced its water quality.
This paper looks at the main sources and effects of pollution in the Ganges River basin, focusing on key areas like Kanpur and Varanasi. The basin produces about 12,000 million liters of sewage every day, but the treatment facilities are not enough. This leads to a large amount of untreated domestic waste entering the river. Industrial waste, which includes chromium from tanneries and waste from paper mills, distilleries, and sugar mills, introduces extremely toxic pollutants. While industrial waste is less in volume, its toxicity is significant.
The study also points out the environmental damage, such as the risk to over 140 fish species and the endangered Ganges river dolphin. There are additional pressures from climate change and melting glaciers. The paper suggests improving sewage treatment, enforcing stricter regulations on industries, promoting sustainable religious practices, managing riverbank development, and enhancing cooperation between institutions and the public to restore the river’s health.
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"Pollution Crisis in the Ganges River Basin: Sources, Ecological Impacts, and Sustainable Management Strategies", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 3, page no.b710-b713, March-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2603185.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator