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# Design and Safe Implementation of a Low‑Cost IoT Energy Monitoring System for Resistive Loads
**Author:** leader:- Rushikesh Dnyaneshwar Wadane
research helper:- 1. wabale vishal
2. Wabale ajinkya
3. Om yewale
4. Sonawane Harsh
**Affiliation:** Independent Research Publication
**Date:** May 4, 2026
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## Abstract
This paper presents a realistic, low‑cost IoT energy monitoring system for purely resistive AC loads. The system uses a ZMPT101B isolated AC voltage sensor, an ACS712‑5A current sensor, an ESP8266 microcontroller, and an external ADS1115 16‑bit ADC (because the ESP8266 has only one internal ADC). True RMS values are calculated via **dual sampling**: voltage at 2 kHz (ESP8266 internal ADC), current at 860 Hz (ADS1115). For loads above 150 W, typical measurement errors are within ±3% after calibration (laboratory results, not guaranteed).
"Design and Safe Implementation of a Low‑Cost IoT Energy Monitoring System for Resistive Loads", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 5, page no.a415-a418, May-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2605047.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator