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Abstract—This study presents the aerodynamic evaluation and optimization of a fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) designed for wildlife monitoring applications, where endurance, energy efficiency, and flight stability are critical. The objective is to identify an optimal aerodynamic configuration under low Reynolds number conditions to enhance performance and minimize energy consumption. Analytical and theoretical assessments were conducted to compare constant cruise and climb–glide flight strategies, with constant cruise selected based on superior energy efficiency and operational stability. A comparative analysis of Eppler E205, Selig S1223, and MH60 airfoils was performed to determine the most suitable airfoil. While S1223 exhibited higher lift and MH60 showed moderate performance, the Eppler E205 airfoil provided an optimal balance of stable lift, lower drag, and improved lift-to-drag ratio. The UAV fixed-wing geometry was developed using OpenVSP, meshing was carried out in Pointwise, and aerodynamic simulations were performed using the SU2 solver. The results demonstrate stable attached flow across the operating range and strong agreement between simulation tools, validating the aerodynamic design. The optimized configuration achieves approximately 21% improvement in aerodynamic efficiency, resulting in an estimated 25–30% increase in flight endurance under optimal operating conditions. These enhancements significantly improve mission capability, making the UAV suitable for long-duration wildlife monitoring operations with reduced energy consumption.
"Analytical and CFD-Based Aerodynamic Performance Evaluation and Simulation of a Fixed-Wing UAV for Wildlife Monitoring", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 5, page no.b304-b317, May-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2605138.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator