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Queer parenting and non-binary families in India pose urgent policy challenges for realizing LGBTQ+ rights within the nation’s evolving legal, social, and cultural landscape. Regardless of recent judicial breakthroughs, including the 2018 Navtej Singh Johar ruling of the Supreme Court, which decriminalized homosexuality, and the passing of the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2019, foundational family legislation is still rooted in heteronormative and binary systems. Laws such as the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act 1956, the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act 2021, and the regulations on assisted reproductive technology remain an obstacle to inclusive access to adoption, surrogacy and ART by queering parenting and transgender kinship. The study reveals that there are still barriers such as societal stigma, familial rejection, healthcare discrimination, and intersections of exclusions based on caste, class, and religion using empirical, ethnographic, and legal analysis within recent years. It brings to the fore newly introduced kinship systems that challenge prevailing norms, including hijra gharanas, care-based chosen families, and maitri karar-based co-parenting. By incorporating these reforms into an intersectional approach, based on queer theory, legal pluralism, and anthropology, national policy can be brought into line with national constitutional pledges of equality, dignity, and non-discrimination.
"Queer Parenting and Non-Binary Family Structures in India", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 5, page no.b712-b720, May-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2605183.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator