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Flooding remains one of the most severe environmental problems in urban drainage systems because water can rise quickly, damage property, interrupt transportation, and create unsafe public conditions. This paper presents a prototype-level Internet of Things (IoT) based flood control and monitoring system that uses a hybrid sensor approach to identify flood risk conditions before the situation becomes critical. The prototype integrates an ultrasonic sensor for live water level measurement, a rain sensor for rainfall detection, a float sensor for high-level confirmation, and a DHT11 sensor for temperature and humidity tracking. An Esp32 is used as the central controller to read sensor values, compare them with threshold limits, and transmit the status to a website dashboard. The monitoring logic classifies the water state into normal, moderate, and danger zones. When the danger threshold is crossed, the buzzer and LED indicators are activated and a controller pump is switched on through a driver or relay stage so that excess water can be removed from the drainage channel. The main contribution of this work is the combination of early detection and active mitigation in one affordable prototype. Instead of reporting only the flood condition, the system can also respond to the danger by starting drainage support automatically. The same concept can be adapted for smart drainage lines, retention tanks, and selected dam-side monitoring points where timely response is important.
Keywords:
Flood Monitoring, Internet Of Things, Esp32, Ultrasonic Sensor, Rain Sensor, Float Sensor, DHT11, Smart Drainage System
Cite Article:
"IOT Based Flood Control and Management: Hybrid Sensor Approach", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 4, page no.b700-b708, April-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2604234.pdf
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ISSN:
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator